b'MENTAL ILLNESS|Understanding may demonstrate decreased school participa-tion, weight loss, somatic complaints (head-Mental Illness: aches, stomach upset), and social withdrawal. The DSM-5 (Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5 thEdition, APA, Definitions, Treatments, and Innovative Approaches2013) has indicated distinct types of Major Recognizing, identifying, and treating differentDepression. These types include: Persistent Depressive Disorderconditions By Kate Noonan Dysthymia, with at least 2 years of a chronic form of mild depression and with few M ental illness can destroy our abilitiesothers. Feeling worthless and helpless, hesymptoms; to think, work, care, and love. considers the end of his life. When visitingPremenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, with a And this illness seems to be trag- the clinic restroom, he removes a nail filepremenstrual phase of mood instability and ically common. from his pocket and slashes his arm. Bloodanxiety; Our genetics, environment, and stressful lifeis dripping profusely. Substance/Medication-Induced Depressive conditions are factors in the development ofWith severe depression, a client may haveDisorder, associated with a substance within emotional problems. One in five adults expe- symptoms for two weeks or longer: tearful- one month after use/not explained by another riences a mental health condition. Half ofness, decreased interest in activities, weightdisorder; mental illnesses begin by age 14; 75 percent ofchanges (loss or gain), sleep difficultiesDepressive Disorder Due to Another conditions develop by age 24, according to the(increased or decreased), and psychomotorMedical Condition, such as hypothyroidism, National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI.agitation (restlessness). Other symptoms indi- stroke, Parkinsons Disease, or traumatic brain Mental Health Conditions, 2019). cating Major Depression may include fatigue,injury. Western Schools has indicated a strong Commonly experienced illnesses are Majordecreased self-esteem, inability to concentrate,genetic relationship to understand Major Depression, Bipolar and Related Disorders,and impaired ability to make decisions. ThereDepressionthere is often a biological relative Schizophrenia, and Obsessive-Compulsivemay be recurrent thoughts of death and hurt- in the clients psychiatric history.Disorder. ing ones self (Western Schools ContinuingDepressive symptoms are thought to result Education, 2016). from dysregulation in the neurotransmitters MAJOR DEPRESSION The common ages for a Major Depressive(serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, ace-This illness is illustrated by a client whoepisode are 1825. Women are more likely totylcholine, and Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid goes to an outpatient office setting, appear- be treated for depression, especially those over(GABA)). The psychological factors of an acute ing disheveled. He routinely remains at50 years of age. Children may exhibit many ofcrisis (job loss, marital problem, sudden illness) home/in bed for days, not regularly eatingthe adult-indicated symptoms but may appearcan result in inability to cope. Circumstances ISTOCKor grooming. He often has no contact withwith an irritable, rather than sad mood. Theyappear beyond ones control. There is a feeling 14 MENTAL HEALTH|2019| www.elitecme.com'